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Milestones of Early
Communication Development
12-18 months
Average expressive vocabulary of 50-100 words by 18 months
Use of single words to name items, actions, locations, possession, to reject
Words are understood outside of routine games.
18 -24 months
Words are used more often than gestures to communicate
Words are used to request information, answer questions, and to acknowledge other people’s communication attempts
Understands single words for objects that are out of sight
Use of two-word utterances
Consistent word order
Speech is 50% intelligible
70% of consonants are produced correctly
CVC and two-syllable words emerge
24-30 months
Engages in symbolic play
Talks about objects that are not present
Narratives are mostly labels and descriptions
Understands and uses basic Wh- questions (Who, What, What doing, Where going)
Emerging use of verb + ing, in, on, plural /s/
Use of “no, not, can’t, don’t”
30-36 months
Use of language in play increases
Narratives are sequences with a theme, but no plot
Uses and understands Why questions
Understands and uses basic spatial terms (in, on, under)
Be verbs are used inconsistently
Overgeneralizes past-tense verb forms
Speech is 75% intelligible.
36-42 months
More flexible making requests (Can you…? / Would you…?)
Increased use of indirect requests
Narratives have a theme and some organization
Understands basic color words
First complex sentence forms appear
Use of irregular past tense verbs, articles (a, the), and possessive /s/
42-48 months
Uses language to report on past events, reason, predict, express empathy, create imaginary roles
and props, and maintain interactions
Uses and understands When & How questions
Understands words for basic shapes (circle, square, triangle)
Uses and understands basic size vocabulary (big, small)
Uses conjunctions “and, because” to conjoin sentences.
48-60 months
Narratives are chains with some plot, but no high point or resolution
Knowledge of letter names and sounds emerges
Knowledge of numbers and counting emerges
Use of conjunctions (when, so, because, if)
Speech is at least 80% intelligible, with some errors remaining on the latest developing sounds /s, r, l/ and ‘th’
Email me at
PhairSpeech@gmail.com
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